Biology: A Library Research Guide

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Biology: Articles: Primary: Examples: Tip 3

Snow, A. A.; Moran-Palma, Pedro; Riesenberg, L. H.; Wszelaki, A.; Seiler, G. J. Fecundity, phylogeny, and seed dormancy of F(sub1) wild-crop hybrids in sunflower (Helianthus annuus, Asteraceae). Am. J. Bot. 1998 Jun; 85(6):794-802.

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Although it is often impossible to know for sure until you are looking at the article, you can get some information from just the basic citation as given above.  Looking at it carefully can save you the work of tracking down an article that may not suit your particular needs.  

If you are using a database that gives you abstracts, or summaries, of the articles, you will have a better chance of categorizing the article.

bulletScientific terminology:  The use of specialized, scientific vocabulary can often signal an article written for a professional audience rather than the general public. 
bulletThis could be primary.
bulletGenus/species or place name:  The use of specific classification names (or specific city/state names or field locations) may indicate that the article is describing one particular series of experiments or observations.
bulletThis could be primary.
bulletAction words or descriptive nouns:  Analysis of verbs and nouns in the title can give you an idea whether the article is likely to describe one particular set of experiments or take a broader look at work others have done.
bulletInconclusive: no action words.
bulletJournal titles: Although these are often abbreviated, words like "Review", "Annual", or "Letters" in the journal title may indicate that mostly review articles or short communications are published. 
bulletJournal title: American Journal of Botany.  Has the word "journal" in the title, so may contain primary articles.  Possibly primary.
bulletAuthors The more authors an article has, the less likely it is to be a magazine article or a review article.  
bulletBe careful with this-- but the 5 authors here make it more likely to be a description of the research they all participated in, therefore primary.  
bulletCONCLUSION: THIS IS PROBABLY A PRIMARY SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH ARTICLE, CONTAINING DESCRIPTIONS OF ORIGINAL RESEARCH. 

 

 

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Last Updated: 01/17/06.